How should access to antiretroviral treatment be measured?

How should access to antiretroviral treatment be measured?

How should tissue Doppler tracings be measured?

Tissue Doppler, an echocardiographic modality measuring velocities of solid cardiac structures by pulsed-wave or colour Doppler, after very early experiments was introduced clinically in the early 1990s and is one of the very few recent technical innovations in echocardiography to gain quick and near-ubiquitous clinical implementation. The most widely adopted application is the registration of ...

How Should Plant Resistance to Herbivores Be Measured?

Plant resistance is normally defined as the heritable ability of plants to escape attacking enemies, partially or fully, thus minimizing the amount of damage experienced by the plant (Painter, 1951; Mitchell et al., 2016). Plant resistance is pivotal in preventing crop yield loss to herbivores, and, thus, it is important to breed for (Hill et al., 2012). As many national and intergovernmental b...

How should Rural Women's Enterprises Be Developed and Promoted?

This study was a qualitative research which was done by a case study approach. The samples were chosen from rural development experts of Hamedan Province during a snowball sampling process. The data were collected by the semistructured interviews. The data collection was done by faceto- face interviews, after the interview questions guide was determined. The theoretical saturation was attained ...

How Should Antibodies against P. falciparum Merozoite Antigens Be Measured?

Immunity against malaria develops slowly and only after repeated exposure to the parasite. Many of those that die of the disease are children under five years of age. Antibodies are an important part of immunity, but which antibodies that are protective and how these should be measured are still unclear. We discuss the pros and cons of ELISA, invasion inhibition assays/ADCI, and measurement of ...